JUC 编程
什么是 JUC
指的是java.util.concurrent
工具包
业务:普通的线程代码 Thread
Runnable 没有返回值、效率相比于 Callable相对较低
线程和进程
线程、进程
- 进程:一个程序,例如QQ.exe,程序的集合;
一个进程往往可以包含多个线程,至少包含一个
Java默认集合线程?2个 main、GC - 线程:开了一个进程Typora,写字,自动保存(线程负责)
对java而言:Thread、Runnable、Callable
Java真的可以开启线程么?开不了
public synchronized void start() {
/**
* This method is not invoked for the main method thread or "system"
* group threads created/set up by the VM. Any new functionality added
* to this method in the future may have to also be added to the VM.
*
* A zero status value corresponds to state "NEW".
*/
if (threadStatus != 0)
throw new IllegalThreadStateException();
/* Notify the group that this thread is about to be started
* so that it can be added to the group's list of threads
* and the group's unstarted count can be decremented. */
group.add(this);
boolean started = false;
try {
start0();
started = true;
} finally {
try {
if (!started) {
group.threadStartFailed(this);
}
} catch (Throwable ignore) {
/* do nothing. If start0 threw a Throwable then
it will be passed up the call stack */
}
}
}
//本地方法,底层的C++,Java无法直接操作硬件
private native void start0();
并发、并行
并发编程:并发、并行
- 并发(多个线程操作同一个资源)
cpu一核,模拟出来多条线程,快速交替 - 并行,CPU多核,多个线程可以同时执行;线程池
并发编程的本质:充分利用CPU的资源public class Test1 { public static void main(String[] args) { //获取cpu的核数 //CPU密集型,IO密集型 System.out.println(Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors()); } }
线程状态
Thread.State
//新生
NEW,
//运行
RUNNABLE,
//阻塞
BLOCKED,
//等待,死死的等
WAITING,
//超时等待
TIMED_WAITING,
//终止
TERMINATED;
wait/sleep
1、来自不同的类
wait => Object
sleep => Thread
2、关于锁的释放
wait 会释放锁,sleep睡着了,不会释放
3、使用的范围是不同的
wait必须在同步代码块中
sleep可以在任何地方睡
4、是否需要捕获异常
wait 不需要捕获异常
sleep 必须捕获异常
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