Mac 下 利用 docker 构建 MySQL 集群
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部署准备
下载镜像
MySql镜像版本 ------ 8.0
docker pull mysql:8.0
新建挂载目录以及挂载的配置文件
用于主机跟容器之间数据的互通
mkdir /tmp/mysql_data/master
mkdir /tmp/mysql_data/slave_cnf
mkdir /tmp/mysql_data/master
mkdir /tmp/mysql_data/slave_cnf编辑主节点的配置文件
~ touch /tmp/mysql_data/master_cnf/master.cnf
~ vim /tmp/mysql_data/master_cnf/master.cnf
[mysqld]
server_id=1
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve编辑从节点的配置文件
~ touch /tmp/mysql_data/slave_cnf/slave.cnf
~ vim /tmp/mysql_data/slave_cnf/slave.cnf
[mysqld]
server_id=2
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve两个文件主要内容的差异是 server_id 值的不同，必须设置，否则在配置从库时，会报错：
Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server ids
报错内容提示：slave 节点I/O线程停止运行，原因是 master 和 slave 节点的 server_id 冲突。
构建两个 MySql 容器
master
master节点运行在主机的3307端口
~ docker run -d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 --name master --restart always -v /tmp/mysql_data/master:/var/lib/mysql -v /tmp/mysql_data/master_cnf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -p 3307:3306 mysql:8.0
ba987e79856a14cadb2fd195ca9d8912e81a4f51ae30e5c762aba664aa5e4c97-v /tmp/mysql_data/master:/var/lib/mysql将主机的/tmp/mysql_data/master目录挂载到master容器中/var/lib/mysql目录上。-v /tmp/mysql_data/master_cnf:/etc/mysql/conf.d将主机中的/tmp/mysql_data/master_cnf路径下的mysql配置文件挂载到/etc/mysql/conf.d目录中。
slave
master节点运行在主机的3308端口~ docker run -d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 --name slave --restart always -v /tmp/mysql_data/slave:/var/lib/mysql -v /tmp/mysql_data/slave_cnf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -p 3308:3306 mysql:8.0 3d7227e0db499f8d7e615ee6bea77e623e2f3b2bc45347d832282bc4da2aca40
-v /tmp/mysql_data/slave:/var/lib/mysql将主机的/tmp/mysql_data/slave目录挂载到slave容器中/var/lib/mysql目录上。-v /tmp/mysql_data/slave_cnf:/etc/mysql/conf.d将主机中的/tmp/mysql_data/slave_cnf路径下的mysql配置文件挂载到/etc/mysql/conf.d目录中。
查看是否容器状态
~ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
3d7227e0db49 mysql:8.0 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 15 minutes ago Up 15 minutes 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3308->3306/tcp slave
ba987e79856a mysql:8.0 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 16 minutes ago Up 16 minutes 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp master运转正常
- master 节点的 CONTAINER ID 为 ba987e79856a
- slave 节点的 CONTAINER ID 为 3d7227e0db49
开始部署
Master 节点
检验是否配置成功
进入容器内部：
docker exec -it ba98 /bin/bash
查看 MySql 配置：
/# ls /etc/mysql/conf.d/
master.cnf
/# cat /etc/mysql/conf.d/master.cnf
[mysqld]
server_id=1
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolvemaster 配置文件挂载成功。
登录并配置 master 节点
~ mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -P 3307 -p创建用户
- 创建用户，
identified with 'mysql_native_password'表示使用该用户的密码加密方式。 - 赋予用户相应的权限；
- 刷新 MySql 系统权限。
mysql> create user 'reader'@'%' identified with 'mysql_native_password' by 'reader';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'reader'@'%'
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)查看 master 节点的状态
mysql> show master status;
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| binlog.000002 | 818 | | | |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)Slave 节点
配置 Slave 节点
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.25.228',Master_Port=3307,MASTER_USER='reader',MASTER_PASSWORD='reader',MASTER_LOG_FILE='binlog.000002',MASTER_LOG_POS=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.04 sec)- MASTER_HOST：主库的 IP 地址，通过 ifconfig 查看
- MASTER_USER：指定的用户名：此处为 reader
- MASTER_PASSWORD：指定用户名的密码
- MASTER_LOG_FILE：从库需要从主库上备份的文件名称
- MASTER_LOG_POS：从库开始备份的位置，此时设置为0，也就是从初始位置开始备份
开启主从同步
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)查看从库状态
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.25.228
Master_User: reader
Master_Port: 3307
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: binlog.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1239
Relay_Log_File: 8634c5ebfdf9-relay-bin.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 319
Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1239
Relay_Log_Space: 1826
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: 64845198-f3eb-11e9-9969-0242ac110002
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
Master_public_key_path:
Get_master_public_key: 0
Network_Namespace:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified可见 ：
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Slave 节点运转正常。
测试
在 Master 节点上运行
mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> create table test (Id int primary key auto_increment, Name varchar(18))
-> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| test |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> desc test;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| Name | varchar(18) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
Master 节点上测试数据写入成功。
在 Slave 节点上检测是否同步成功
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> use test;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| test |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc test;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| Name | varchar(18) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)Slave 节点数据同步成功。
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