PHP 依赖注入容器 Pimple 笔记
本文同步发表自:https://www.h57.pw/article/42
其实,想写 laravel 的 container 的笔记的,可是,自己看了许久,也没有很好的理解,理解到的部分也是很片面的东西,不过 laravel 的 container 真的很强大,要比今天写的这个强大的多,不过强大的带来的问题,就是可能会慢,毕竟用到了反射,今天这个 Pimple 则相对简单的多了,没有那么多复杂的东西,用起来也很顺手而且比较容易理解,所以今天就用这个做笔记了。
原本想分段做这个的笔记的,后来觉得应该吧知识点拆分开说明,然后再用整体代码在里面做注释的方式来解释这段更好一些,于是乎,准备开整。
class Container implements \ArrayAccess
这个类实现了 ArrayAccess 接口,ArrayAccess 是个什么东西了,大家首先看一下 PHP 官网的手册 http://php.net/manual/zh/class.arrayaccess... 好吧,我就简单说一句,就是让对象能够像数组一样操作了。具体需要实现的几个接口,大家看一下手册吧,我觉得我的说明肯定没有手册写得好,我更多理解的东西,会在代码注释中写一下。
public function __construct(array $values = array())
{
$this->factories = new \SplObjectStorage();
$this->protected = new \SplObjectStorage();
foreach ($values as $key => $value) {
$this->offsetSet($key, $value);
}
}
在构造方法中又出现了 SplObjectStorage 类,那么这个 SplObjectStorage 是个什么东西呢,我们再去看一下手册 http://php.net/manual/zh/class.splobjectst... 这个在手册中可惜翻译的不完全(根本没有翻译),所以我就简单的说说,这个类其实是实现了 Countable , Iterator , Serializable , ArrayAccess 这4个接口,这4个接口大家也可以看一下手册,看完了就知道这个类是干什么的了,我再来拆分说下 Countable 就是让一个类可以用一个计数器, Iterator 就是可以用 foreach 这些去循环,Serializable 就是可以序列化,ArrayAccess 上面说过了就不多说了。其实刚开始很难理解这个类,不过多看看手册,别人的示例代码,自己在多写一些可能就了解了。这个如何理解我也说不太好。大家见谅。
好吧,我觉得是额外知识点的就上面那些,等多的笔记我将在下面的代码注释中说明白,大家可以看看,顺便帮忙指正。
<?php
/*
* This file is part of Pimple.
*
* Copyright (c) 2009 Fabien Potencier
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished
* to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
* copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
* THE SOFTWARE.
*/
namespace Pimple;
/**
* Container main class.
*
* @author Fabien Potencier
*/
class Container implements \ArrayAccess
{
private $values = array(); // 存储 value 的数组
private $factories; // 存储工厂方法的对象
private $protected; // 存储保护方法的对象
private $frozen = array(); // 存储冻结的数组,也就是在这个数组里面的 key 的 value 是不可更改的了
private $raw = array(); // 存储
private $keys = array(); // 存储 key 的数组
/**
* Instantiate the container.
*
* Objects and parameters can be passed as argument to the constructor.
*
* @param array $values The parameters or objects.
*/
public function __construct(array $values = array())
{
// 构造工厂对象以及保护方法对象
$this->factories = new \SplObjectStorage();
$this->protected = new \SplObjectStorage();
// 把初始化的值存放到现有的里面
foreach ($values as $key => $value) {
$this->offsetSet($key, $value);
}
}
/**
* Sets a parameter or an object.
*
* Objects must be defined as Closures.
*
* Allowing any PHP callable leads to difficult to debug problems
* as function names (strings) are callable (creating a function with
* the same name as an existing parameter would break your container).
*
* @param string $id The unique identifier for the parameter or object
* @param mixed $value The value of the parameter or a closure to define an object
*
* @throws \RuntimeException Prevent override of a frozen service
* 设置相关值以及对象
*/
public function offsetSet($id, $value)
{
// 如果这个值被 frozen 了,就不允许更改了
// 应该是为了保持高效性,会把 get 过的值存储起来,所以就不在调用了也就不允许更改了
// 其实也可以更改,在下面的方法中说明
if (isset($this->frozen[$id])) {
throw new \RuntimeException(sprintf('Cannot override frozen service "%s".', $id));
}
// 存储值方法
$this->values[$id] = $value;
// 存储 key 的值
$this->keys[$id] = true;
}
/**
* Gets a parameter or an object.
*
* @param string $id The unique identifier for the parameter or object
*
* @return mixed The value of the parameter or an object
*
* @throws \InvalidArgumentException if the identifier is not defined
* 获取值得方法
*/
public function offsetGet($id)
{
// 如果没有设置 key 则抛出异常
if (!isset($this->keys[$id])) {
throw new \InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('Identifier "%s" is not defined.', $id));
}
// 如果 raw 里面已经有了, 或者 values 里面存储对应 key 的值不是个 obj,或者 protected 里面也有对应的值 或者值里面的方法存在,则直接返回,values 数组里面的结果
if (
isset($this->raw[$id])
|| !is_object($this->values[$id])
|| isset($this->protected[$this->values[$id]])
|| !method_exists($this->values[$id], '__invoke')
) {
return $this->values[$id];
}
// 如果工厂方法里面设置了相关方法则要直接返回
if (isset($this->factories[$this->values[$id]])) {
return $this->values[$id]($this);
}
// 获取值里面的方法
$raw = $this->values[$id];
// 执行上面获取到的方法获取返回值 并且覆盖 values
$val = $this->values[$id] = $raw($this);
// 把原始方法存储到 raw 数组里面,用来给 raw 方法调用
$this->raw[$id] = $raw;
// 把这个值设置为冻结,不允许将来的更改
$this->frozen[$id] = true;
// 返回结果值
return $val;
}
/**
* Checks if a parameter or an object is set.
*
* @param string $id The unique identifier for the parameter or object
*
* @return bool
* 获取 key 是否存在
*/
public function offsetExists($id)
{
return isset($this->keys[$id]);
}
/**
* Unsets a parameter or an object.
*
* @param string $id The unique identifier for the parameter or object
* 删除掉 key
*/
public function offsetUnset($id)
{
// 如果存在则删除相关的值
if (isset($this->keys[$id])) {
// 如果存储的是个对象,则删除相关的值
if (is_object($this->values[$id])) {
unset($this->factories[$this->values[$id]], $this->protected[$this->values[$id]]);
}
// 删除普通数组里面的值
unset($this->values[$id], $this->frozen[$id], $this->raw[$id], $this->keys[$id]);
}
}
/**
* Marks a callable as being a factory service.
*
* @param callable $callable A service definition to be used as a factory
*
* @return callable The passed callable
*
* @throws \InvalidArgumentException Service definition has to be a closure of an invokable object
* 设置工厂方法
*/
public function factory($callable)
{
if (!method_exists($callable, '__invoke')) {
throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Service definition is not a Closure or invokable object.');
}
$this->factories->attach($callable);
return $callable;
}
/**
* Protects a callable from being interpreted as a service.
*
* This is useful when you want to store a callable as a parameter.
*
* @param callable $callable A callable to protect from being evaluated
*
* @return callable The passed callable
*
* @throws \InvalidArgumentException Service definition has to be a closure of an invokable object
*/
public function protect($callable)
{
if (!method_exists($callable, '__invoke')) {
throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Callable is not a Closure or invokable object.');
}
$this->protected->attach($callable);
return $callable;
}
/**
* Gets a parameter or the closure defining an object.
*
* @param string $id The unique identifier for the parameter or object
*
* @return mixed The value of the parameter or the closure defining an object
*
* @throws \InvalidArgumentException if the identifier is not defined
* 其实这个就是获取设置的对象或者方法
*/
public function raw($id)
{
if (!isset($this->keys[$id])) {
throw new \InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('Identifier "%s" is not defined.', $id));
}
if (isset($this->raw[$id])) {
return $this->raw[$id];
}
return $this->values[$id];
}
/**
* Extends an object definition.
*
* Useful when you want to extend an existing object definition,
* without necessarily loading that object.
*
* @param string $id The unique identifier for the object
* @param callable $callable A service definition to extend the original
*
* @return callable The wrapped callable
*
* @throws \InvalidArgumentException if the identifier is not defined or not a service definition
* 修改已经存在的值
*/
public function extend($id, $callable)
{
if (!isset($this->keys[$id])) {
throw new \InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('Identifier "%s" is not defined.', $id));
}
if (!is_object($this->values[$id]) || !method_exists($this->values[$id], '__invoke')) {
throw new \InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('Identifier "%s" does not contain an object definition.', $id));
}
if (!is_object($callable) || !method_exists($callable, '__invoke')) {
throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Extension service definition is not a Closure or invokable object.');
}
$factory = $this->values[$id];
$extended = function ($c) use ($callable, $factory) {
return $callable($factory($c), $c);
};
if (isset($this->factories[$factory])) {
$this->factories->detach($factory);
$this->factories->attach($extended);
}
return $this[$id] = $extended;
}
/**
* Returns all defined value names.
*
* @return array An array of value names
* 获取所有的 key
*/
public function keys()
{
return array_keys($this->values);
}
/**
* Registers a service provider.
*
* @param ServiceProviderInterface $provider A ServiceProviderInterface instance
* @param array $values An array of values that customizes the provider
*
* @return static
* 注册自己的服务用的,后续文章体现
*/
public function register(ServiceProviderInterface $provider, array $values = array())
{
$provider->register($this);
foreach ($values as $key => $value) {
$this[$key] = $value;
}
return $this;
}
}
好吧,上面注释的都已经写出来了,个人觉得很简单,但是有几个方法我觉得可以扩展开来说,可能在过几天的文章里面展开来说说,基本上就是 register、extend和 raw 这几个方法的具体说明了。
哦对了,开始我觉得 factory 和 protect 方法差不多,其实还是有区别的,就是 factory 会有一个 $container 的参数,protect 方法就是存储的普通方法,区别就这么简单了。不过更多的方法,也会在后续文章说明的。
本作品采用《CC 协议》,转载必须注明作者和本文链接
所以最开始的原文链接是不是写错了。
@dryyun 是的,更正了,这么久一直没发现。。。