推荐几个你们可能没用过的查询构造器的方法

1. Model()->getQuery()->whereNotKey($id);
2. Model()->getQuery()->whereKey($id);
3. Model()->firstWhere();Copy

/**
     * Add a where clause on the primary key to the query.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $id
     * @return $this
     */
    public function whereKeyNot($id)
    {
        if (is_array($id) || $id instanceof Arrayable) {
            $this->query->whereNotIn($this->model->getQualifiedKeyName(), $id);

            return $this;
        }

        return $this->where($this->model->getQualifiedKeyName(), '!=', $id);
    }Copy

/**
     * Add a where clause on the primary key to the query.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $id
     * @return $this
     */
    public function whereKey($id)
    {
        if (is_array($id) || $id instanceof Arrayable) {
            $this->query->whereIn($this->model->getQualifiedKeyName(), $id);

            return $this;
        }

        return $this->where($this->model->getQualifiedKeyName(), '=', $id);
    }Copy

/**
     * Add a basic where clause to the query, and return the first result.
     *
     * @param  \Closure|string|array  $column
     * @param  mixed  $operator
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @param  string  $boolean
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model|static
     */
    public function firstWhere($column, $operator = null, $value = null, $boolean = 'and')
    {
        return $this->where($column, $operator, $value, $boolean)->first();
    }Copy