从零构建 Laravel 论坛二：搭建舞台

一、新建项目

创建项目
composer create-project laravel/laravel forum --prefer-dist "8.6.6"

引入 Laravel Breeze 用户认证包

composer require laravel/breeze
php artisan breeze:install 
npm  install  
npm run dev 
php artisan migrate

二、创建基础表

本项目中，最基础的模型为 Topic (话题)、 Comment (评论) 、 User (用户)
User 表 Laravel 自带先不做修改

2.1、新建 Topic

创建 Topic 相关文件
php artisan make:model Topic -a

-a 将会自动生成对应的 Model、Factory、Migration、Seeder、Controller、Policy 等文件

修改 Migration 文件

. 
. 
public function up() { 
 Schema::create('topics', function (Blueprint $table) { 
     $table->id();
     $table->integer('user_id'); 
     $table->string('title'); 
     $table->longText('body'); 
     $table->timestamps(); 
 }); 
} 
.
.

运行迁移
php artisan migrate

修改 Model 文件

 .
 .
 protected $fillable = ['user_id', 'title', 'body'];

 public function user()
 {
     return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
 }
 .
 .

修改 Factory 文件

 .
 .
 use App\Models\User;
 .
 .
 public function definition()
 {
     return [
         'user_id' => User::factory(),
         'title' => $this->faker->sentence,
         'body' => $this->faker->paragraph,
     ];
 }
 .
 .

修改 Seeder 文件

 .
 .
 use App\Models\User;
 use App\Models\Topic;
 .
 .
 public function run()
 {
     $users = User::all();

     foreach ($users as $user) {
         Topic::factory()
             ->count(mt_rand(0, 10))
             ->create([
                 'user_id' => $user->id
             ]);
     }
 }
 .
 .

2.2、新建 Comment

创建 Comment 相关文件
php artisan make:model Comment -a

修改 Migration 文件

. 
. 
public function up() { 
 Schema::create('comments', function (Blueprint $table) { 
     $table->id();
     $table->integer('topic_id'); 
     $table->integer('user_id'); 
     $table->text('body'); 
     $table->timestamps();
 }); 
} 
.
.

运行迁移
php artisan migrate

修改 Model 文件

 .
 .
 protected $fillable = ['user_id', 'topic_id', 'body'];

 public function user()
 {
     return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
 }

 public function topic()
 {
     return $this->belongsTo(Topic::class);
 }
 .
 .

修改 Factory 文件

 .
 .
 use App\Models\User;
 use App\Models\Topic;
 .
 .
 public function definition()
 {
     return [
         'topic_id' => Topic::factory(),
         'user_id' => User::factory(),
         'body' => $this->faker->paragraph,
     ];
 }
 .
 .

修改 Seeder 文件

 .
 .
 use App\Models\User;
 use App\Models\Topic;
 use App\Models\Comment;
 .
 .
 public function run()
 {
     $topics = Topic::all();

     foreach ($topics as $topic) {
         $users = User::inRandomOrder()->limit(mt_rand(0, 3))->get();
         foreach ($users as $user) {
             Comment::factory()
                 ->count(mt_rand(0, 3))
                 ->create([
                     'user_id' => $user->id,
                     'topic_id' => $topic->id,
                 ]);
         }
     }
 }
 .
 .

2.3、填充测试数据

修改 DatabaseSeeder 文件

 public function run()
 {
     User::factory(10)->create();
     $this->call([
         TopicSeeder::class,
         CommentSeeder::class,
     ]);
 }