5.2.10. 地理距离聚合

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地理距离聚合

geo_point 字段操作的多桶聚合,在概念上和范围聚合非常相似。用户可以定义一个原点和一组距离范围的桶。聚合计算每个文档值到原点的距离,并根据范围确定其所属的桶(如果文档和原点之间的距离落在桶内,则文档属于该桶)。

PUT /museums
{
    "mappings": {
        "properties": {
            "location": {
                "type": "geo_point"
            }
        }
    }
}

POST /museums/_bulk?refresh
{"index":{"_id":1}}
{"location": "52.374081,4.912350", "name": "NEMO Science Museum"}
{"index":{"_id":2}}
{"location": "52.369219,4.901618", "name": "Museum Het Rembrandthuis"}
{"index":{"_id":3}}
{"location": "52.371667,4.914722", "name": "Nederlands Scheepvaartmuseum"}
{"index":{"_id":4}}
{"location": "51.222900,4.405200", "name": "Letterenhuis"}
{"index":{"_id":5}}
{"location": "48.861111,2.336389", "name": "Musée du Louvre"}
{"index":{"_id":6}}
{"location": "48.860000,2.327000", "name": "Musée d'Orsay"}

POST /museums/_search?size=0
{
    "aggs" : {
        "rings_around_amsterdam" : {
            "geo_distance" : {
                "field" : "location",
                "origin" : "52.3760, 4.894",
                "ranges" : [
                    { "to" : 100000 },
                    { "from" : 100000, "to" : 300000 },
                    { "from" : 300000 }
                ]
            }
        }
    }
}

响应结果:

{
    ...
    "aggregations": {
        "rings_around_amsterdam" : {
            "buckets": [
                {
                    "key": "*-100000.0",
                    "from": 0.0,
                    "to": 100000.0,
                    "doc_count": 3
                },
                {
                    "key": "100000.0-300000.0",
                    "from": 100000.0,
                    "to": 300000.0,
                    "doc_count": 1
                },
                {
                    "key": "300000.0-*",
                    "from": 300000.0,
                    "doc_count": 2
                }
            ]
        }
    }
}

指定的字段必须是 geo_pint 类型(只能在映射中显式设置)。多个 geo_pint 字段可以保存为一个数组,该情况下,在聚合期间将考虑该数组中所有字段。原点可以接受 geo_pint 类型支持的所有格式:

  • 对象格式:{ "lat" : 52.3760, "lon" : 4.894 } - 这是最安全的格式,因为它明确的表示了 latlon 的值
  • 字符串格式:"52.3760, 4.894" - 第一个数字是 lat,第二个数字是 lon
  • 数组格式:[4.894, 52.3760] - 数组格式基于 GeoJson 标准,第一个数字为 lon,第二个数字为 lat

在默认情况下,距离单位是 m(米),其它单位也可以,如:mi(英里),in(英寸),yd(码),km(公里),cm(厘米),mm(毫米)。

POST /museums/_search?size=0
{
    "aggs" : {
        "rings" : {
            "geo_distance" : {
                "field" : "location",
                "origin" : "52.3760, 4.894",
                "unit" : "km","ranges" : [
                    { "to" : 100 },
                    { "from" : 100, "to" : 300 },
                    { "from" : 300 }
                ]
            }
        }
    }
}

① 距离将以公里计算

有两种距离计算模式:arc(默认)和 planearc 计算模式是最准确的,plane 计算模式是最快的,却是最不准确的。当你搜索的上下文比较小,地理区域跨越较小(~5km),可以考虑使用 plane。当搜索跨越很大区域时(如跨大陆搜索),plane 返回结果的误差幅度会更大。距离计算类型可以使用 distance_type 参数设置:

POST /museums/_search?size=0
{
    "aggs" : {
        "rings" : {
            "geo_distance" : {
                "field" : "location",
                "origin" : "52.3760, 4.894",
                "unit" : "km",
                "distance_type" : "plane",
                "ranges" : [
                    { "to" : 100 },
                    { "from" : 100, "to" : 300 },
                    { "from" : 300 }
                ]
            }
        }
    }
}

Keyed Response

keyed 标志设置为 true 会给每个桶关联一个唯一的字符串键,并将范围作为哈希而不是数组返回:

POST /museums/_search?size=0
{
    "aggs" : {
        "rings_around_amsterdam" : {
            "geo_distance" : {
                "field" : "location",
                "origin" : "52.3760, 4.894",
                "ranges" : [
                    { "to" : 100000 },
                    { "from" : 100000, "to" : 300000 },
                    { "from" : 300000 }
                ],
                "keyed": true
            }
        }
    }
}

响应结果:

{
    ...
    "aggregations": {
        "rings_around_amsterdam" : {
            "buckets": {
                "*-100000.0": {
                    "from": 0.0,
                    "to": 100000.0,
                    "doc_count": 3
                },
                "100000.0-300000.0": {
                    "from": 100000.0,
                    "to": 300000.0,
                    "doc_count": 1
                },
                "300000.0-*": {
                    "from": 300000.0,
                    "doc_count": 2
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

也可以为每个范围自定义 key:

POST /museums/_search?size=0
{
    "aggs" : {
        "rings_around_amsterdam" : {
            "geo_distance" : {
                "field" : "location",
                "origin" : "52.3760, 4.894",
                "ranges" : [
                    { "to" : 100000, "key": "first_ring" },
                    { "from" : 100000, "to" : 300000, "key": "second_ring" },
                    { "from" : 300000, "key": "third_ring" }
                ],
                "keyed": true
            }
        }
    }
}

响应结果:

{
    ...
    "aggregations": {
        "rings_around_amsterdam" : {
            "buckets": {
                "first_ring": {
                    "from": 0.0,
                    "to": 100000.0,
                    "doc_count": 3
                },
                "second_ring": {
                    "from": 100000.0,
                    "to": 300000.0,
                    "doc_count": 1
                },
                "third_ring": {
                    "from": 300000.0,
                    "doc_count": 2
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

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原文地址:https://learnku.com/docs/elasticsearch73...

译文地址:https://learnku.com/docs/elasticsearch73...

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